Narundi

[3] She first appears in sources contemporaneous with the reign of the Akkadian Empire, and according to Javier Álvarez-Mon enjoyed a degree of popularity in the early periods.

"[6] Its style is characteristic for the Mesopotamian art of the Early Dynastic IIIa period (roughly 2500 BCE), though the inscription is some 250 years more recent, and states that Eshpum, a local official, dedicated it to Narundi on behalf of Maništušu, king of the Akkadian Empire:[7] 𒈠𒀭𒅖𒌅𒋢 / 𒈗 / 𒆧 / 𒀹𒅗 / 𒀵𒋢 / 𒀀𒈾 / 𒀭𒈾𒊒𒋾 / 𒀀𒈬𒈾𒊒"ma-an-iš-tu-su / lugal / kiš / eš18-pum / ARAD2-su / a-na / {d}na-ru-ti / a mu-na-ru For Manishtushu king of Kish, Eshpum his servant, dedicated this statue to Narundi"[8]According to Nancy Highcock, Eshpum most likely repurposed the statue of an anonymous earlier worshiper after finding it during a refurbishment of a temple, possibly choosing it for this purpose because of its antiquity.

[13] The usual identification of the statue as a representation of Narundi rests exclusively on the assumption that her name occurs in the latter, which remains uncertain.

[18] Another, identified on a small statuette, implores her, Inshushinak, Shamash, Nergal and a deity whose names is not preserved to deprive anyone who removes it of descendants.

[19] On a commemorative stele describing the construction of a temple of a canal she is listed after Inshushinak, Shamash, Enlil, Enki, Ishtar, Sin and Ninhursag, and before the "totality of the gods.

[21] She also appears in a single feminine theophoric name, Narudi-gamilat, identified in a document from this city dealing with servile weavers and dated to the reign of Rim-Sin I of Larsa.

[2] According to Javier Álvarez-Mon, out of the seven members of the latter group, Šipali[x], Ibnahāš[x], Ibnasasa, Dahšišrīš, Rūšpānašpiš, Nahūndi and Igištu, only the last two appear in any other sources.

[23] Wiggermann suggests that a statue of a naked woman from the reign of Ashur-bel-kala according to an accompanying inscription made "for titillation" and placed under the protection of the Sebitti might be a representation of Narundi or an analogous deity.

[25] According to Beate Pongratz-Leisten, it is impossible to evaluate if the Assyrian attestations of Narundi are an indication of a surviving continuous cult or if they simply constitute literary references to older rituals.

[2] It prescribes the preparation of figures representing her, the Sebitti (labeled as sons of Enmesharra[2]), the twin gods Lugalirra and Meslamtaea, and the lion-like creature Ugallu.

[23] Her statuette had to be made of tamarisk wood and decorated with red and yellow pigment to represent a robe with a sash and headwear.

[34] While examples of statues presumed to originate in similar rituals are known from excavations, they cannot be identified with certainty as representations of specific deities.

Archaic votive statue with Eshpum's inscription in the back
A figure from the reign of Ashur-bel-kala, identified as Frans Wiggermann as possible depiction of Narundi.