Nathaniel Buel Eldredge (March 28, 1813 – November 27, 1893) was a physician, infantry officer, lawyer, sheriff, and ultimately a two-term Democratic congressman from the State of Michigan.

Soon after the outbreak of the American Civil War, Eldredge enrolled on June 19, 1861 as captain of Company G of the 7th Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment.

He resigned his commission in December 1861, then re-entered the service with the 11th Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment.

In 1882, Eldredge was elected as a Democrat to represent Michigan's 2nd congressional district in the 48th United States Congress, defeating Republican Edward P. Allen.

Eldredge was reelected two years later, serving in the 49th United States Congress, where he was chairman of the Committee on Pensions.