The National Abolition Hall of Fame and Museum is a museum located in Peterboro, New York, that honors American abolitionists by showcasing their work to end slavery, and the legacy of their struggle: the drive to end racism.

The museum is located at 5255 Pleasant Valley Road, between Elizabeth and Park Streets, in the hamlet of Peterboro, New York.

Most notably, the museum is located in the same building in which the inaugural meeting of the New York State Anti-Slavery Society was held in 1835.

Gerrit Smith, a leading American social reformer, suggested Peterboro, New York as an alternate location.

The meeting was deemed "the largest convention ever assembled in that State for any purpose whatever",[5]: 42  with 1,000 people in attendance.