It is part of the University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.

It was the first hospital to be established in England dedicated exclusively to treating the diseases of the nervous system.

[2] In 1904, it adopted the name National Hospital for the Relief and Cure of the Paralysed and Epileptic.

[2] During the Second World War the hospital was badly damaged by German bombing.

The neurology wards are named John Young and David Ferrier; the neurosurgical wards are named Victor Horsley, Bernard Sunley and Lady Ann Allerton.