The park extends over an area of 97 square kilometres of the province of Burgenland and protects parts of the westernmost lake of the Eurasian Steppe.

In the west the area is bordered by the Leitha Mountains, the Parndorf Plain in the north and the Hanság in the east.

Lake Neusiedl itself is situated at the lowest point of the Little Hungarian Plain at an altitude of around 115m above sea level.

Rare species have included the first Austrian records of Pacific golden plover in 2008, semipalmated sandpiper in 2013 and blue-cheeked bee-eater in 2016.

Some of the most sought after species for birdwatchers include great bustard, pygmy cormorant, ferruginous duck, little crake, European bee-eater and Syrian woodpecker.