The National Railway Administration (NRA, Chinese: 国家铁路局) is the national railway regulator of China under the Ministry of Transport.

The China Railway Corporation was created to operate the railway network, while the National Railway Administration was created to regulate and oversee the corporation, with safety and accident prevention being a major part of its function.

The densities of the network's passenger and freight transport are among the world's highest.

It has seven regional oversight bureaus, based in Shenyang, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Wuhan, Xi'an, and Lanzhou, respectively, which oversee 18 regional railway companies (formerly regional bureaus) of the China Railway Corporation.

[1] The NRA administers China's no-ride list.