The colonial government of Japan set up the Taiwan Governor Museum (臺灣總督府民政部殖產局附屬博物館(Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-oân Chóng-tok-hú Bîn-chèng-pō͘ Si̍t-sán-kio̍k Hù-sio̍k Phok-bu̍t-koán)), which officially opened on 24 October 1908, to commemorate the inauguration of the North-South Railway.

[1] In 1935 it was used to house the First Cultural Pavilion at The Taiwan Exposition: In Commemoration of the First Forty Years of Colonial Rule.

Through this window, one may catch a glimpse of Taiwan's evolution with regard to the fields of earth sciences, humanitarian developments, zoology, and botany.

The museum maintains its original scale, with five departments — anthropology, earth sciences, zoology, botany and education.

[5][6] The museum is accessible within walking distance northwest from NTU Hospital Station of the Taipei Metro.