Natolinians

[2] Formed around 1956,[3] shortly after the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, it was named after the palace where its meetings were held, in Warsaw's Natolin district.

[4] The main opposition to the Natolinians were the reformist Puławians, who included many PZPR members of Jewish extraction.

[5] The Natolinians opposed the post-Stalinist liberalization program (the Polish October "thaw") and, as part of their strategy to seek power, voiced simplistic nationalist and anti-Soviet slogans.

[6] The best-known Natolinians included Franciszek Jóźwiak, Wiktor Kłosiewicz [pl], Zenon Nowak, Aleksander Zawadzki, Franciszek Mazur, Władysław Kruczek [pl], Kazimierz Mijal, Władysław Dworakowski, and Hilary Chełchowski.

[8] Witold Jedlicki described the struggle between the Natolinians and the Puławians in his booklet, Simpletons and Yids (Chamy i Żydy).