Naval Defence Act 1889

An extra £20 million over the following four years were provided for ten new battleships, thirty-eight new cruisers, eighteen new torpedo boats and four new fast gunboats.

The Act reasserted the standard by its formal adoption and signalled an ambition to improve British naval supremacy to an even higher level.

The Royal Sovereign class was the most formidable capital ship of its day, fulfilling the role of a larger and faster battleship unmatched by those of Russia and France.

By financing the expansion over a five-year period, residual balances from one year could be transferred over to the next, allowing production to continue uninterrupted, at greatly reduced costs.

A coinciding demand for merchant vessels, built in the same private shipyards as some of the warships, led to minimal increases in the cost of labour and material.

[3]: 15  Lord George Hamilton's hopes of reducing future naval expenditures however, were dashed as the increased British production was soon matched by France and Russia.

Other powers including Germany and the United States bolstered their navies in the following years as Britain continued to increase its own naval expenditures.

The battleship HMS Royal Sovereign