A member of the Serbian Progressive Party (SNS), he previously served as president of the National Assembly of Serbia from 2012 to 2014 and as minister of internal affairs from 2014 to 2020.

He has begun his business career in 2004 in domestic and foreign trade company "Interspeed Ltd." on the position of Marketing Manager.

From July 2012 until April 2014, Nebojša Stefanović was Speaker of the National Assembly of Serbia, as well as the Chair of the Committee for the Rights of the Child.

One, out of his many personal initiatives, was implementation of the program Children Security Basics in the first, fourth and sixth grades of elementary schools in Serbia.

[22] On 1 June 2014, a group of Serbian academics based in the UK published an article claiming that parts of Mr. Stefanović's doctoral dissertation were plagiarised.

[23] In June 2014 the Senate of Megatrend University formed a commission with the agenda of evaluation of merits for initiation of the procedure for his doctorate annulment.

[24] The university Senate then adopted a report from the Commission which stated that there were no grounds for initiation of the procedure for the Nebojša Stefanović's doctorate annulment.

[25] In August 2014 another independent Commission was formed by the Senate which later unanimously ruled that there were no grounds for initiation of the procedure for Nebojša Stefanović's doctorate annulment.

[26] A letter dated 27 April 2017 from Serbian private company GIM, to Serbian state-owned arms company Krušik Valjevo lists the names of three GIM representatives and three Raniad Al Jazira employees who visited the arms factory in order to inspect and accept the ordered weapons.