The Najd Expedition (Turkish: Nejd Seferi) was a series of military conflicts waged by Egypt on behalf of the Ottoman Empire from 1817 to 1818.

The campaign of 1817/8 was led by Ibrahim Pasha, with the goal of capturing Diriyah and ending the First Saudi State by the order of the Ottoman sultan Mahmud II, through no real strategy other than brute force.

Ibn Abd al-Wahhab gradually opposed many popular practices, such as the visiting and veneration of the shrines and tombs of Muslim saints, which he felt amounted to heretical religious innovation or even idolatry.

[3] The emir of Diriyah, Muhammad bin Saud Al Muqrin, was influenced by Ibn Abd al-Wahab and allowed him to stay in his capital.

The new ruler, Abdulaziz bin Muhammad Al Saud, began an era of expansion of the movement until it reached the borders of Iraq and Hejaz, and Ibn Abd al-Wahab died in 1792.

The Meccan shariff Ghalib ibn Musa'id attempted to stop his movement, but he was defeated, and Hejaz fell under Saudi rule.

After the Battle of Byssel, Saudi power broke, and the Ottomans successfully recaptured the south of Hejaz, subduing the Zahran and 'Asir tribes.

[5] Muhammad Ali then returned to Egypt to deal with internal issues such as the conspiracy of Latif Pasha.

[6] Muhammad Ali left his son, Tusun Pasha, in Hejaz with a large army to invade Najd, and the peace treaty he made with the Saudis was to be over.

[7] However, Tusun Pasha returned to Egypt as well to deal with the Albanian soldiers who had been wreaking havoc in Cairo.

[9] After this defeat, the Arab tribes began siding with the Ottomans and promised to assist them by providing camels.

He negotiated with them to raise the siege in exchange for the fort putting down their weapons and remaining neutral in the war.

After the Siege of Ar Rass, Ibrahim marched to Al Khabra' and bombarded it for several hours until it surrendered; the Ottomans rested there for 21 days.

Ibrahim then began bombarding from the north so heavily that it terrified the surrounding villages, but seeing the low damage it inflicted, he then moved the cannons near the wall, which destroyed a portion of it.

[21] The siege didn't last long and the garrison left the fort in exchange for their lives, to which he agreed.