Nelson Island is famous as the disembarkation point and quarantine station for indentured immigrants to Trinidad and Tobago in the nineteenth and early twentieth century.
Their bundles and blankets were fumigated and they were quarantined and allowed to recover and regain strength.
At Nelson Island, the immigrants were examined by a medical doctor and then transported by small boats to Port of Spain.
In the 1930s, Nelson Island was used as a detention center for prisoners, among them Tubal Uriah Butler.
Among those who were detained there were Oilfields Workers' Trade Union president George Weekes, National Joint Action Committee leader Geddes Granger, Apoesho Mutope, Winston Suite, J.H.Bayliss Frederick, and Clive Nunez.