[1] The Netherlands has an embassy in Bucharest, honorary consulates in Cluj-Napoca, Timișoara and Constanța, and since 2016 an office in Chișinău in Moldova.

On 25 August 1856, a mission was established in Bucharest as a consulate-general with broader powers and duties and in 1857 four honorary consulates were founded: in Botoşani, Focşani, Roman and Giurgiu.

In January 1880, the Netherlands recognized the independence of Romania and the consulate in Bucharest was raised to diplomatic agency level.

In 1900 the Romanian legation in The Hague had in subordination the general-consulate of Rotterdam and the consulates of Amsterdam, Dordrecht and Scheveningen.

The Netherlands holds the first place in the ranking by country of residence of investors in companies with foreign capital.

Main business fields with high potential for bilateral cooperation are energy and environment, infrastructure development, architecture,[6] industrial subcontracting, agriculture, tourism, information technology and telecommunications.