Diplomatic relations between the governments of the Netherlands and Venezuela were established in 1921 following a treaty to that effect concluded at Caracas on 11 May 1920.

[citation needed] The ABC Islands, all dependencies of the Kingdom of the Netherlands lie less than 15 miles (24 km) off Venezuela's shores.

The most populous of these territories are the island is Curaçao, whose demographics are not like that of Venezuela and much of South America.

[citation needed] In January 2010, the Dutch Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende dismissed the allegations of Chávez that US war planes were being deployed as part of a planned attack during a television interview, showing a photograph of a US P3 warplane as proof.

[2] In 2019, recently arrived Venezuelan refugees in Aruba were estimated to number around 17,000, accounting for some 15% of the island’s population.