The Netherlands competed at the 2023 World Championships in Athletics in Budapest, Hungary from 19 to 27 August 2023.

The Royal Dutch Athletics Federation announced their selection of 41 competitors, 19 men and 22 women, on 2 August 2023.

[1][2] These world championships were the most successful edition for the Netherlands with the most medals (5) and the highest medal ranking (8th).

[4] Nick Smidt withdrew from competition due to an injury.

[5] * – Indicates the athlete competed in heats but not the final * – Indicates the athlete competed in heats but not the final * – Indicates the athlete competed in heats but not the final