The garden was created between 1961-1977 to replace the Alter Botanischer Garten Marburg, dating from 1810.
Its construction involved movement of some 80,000 m3 of earth, creating a pond and a brook about 1 km long, as well as a major effort to build greenhouses.
The garden was inaugurated in June 1977 to celebrate the university's 450th anniversary.
Outdoor areas of the garden are organized as follows: In addition, the garden's greenhouses cover total area of 1,700 square meters as follows: tropical house (545 m², 12 m height); Canary Islands house (182 m² + 82 m², 7 m); tropical crop house (182 m², 7 m) with plants including Ananas comosus and Coffea arabica; Amazon house (123 m², 6 m) containing aquatic plants of the Amazon region including Bruguiera sexangula and Victoria amazonica; tropical fern house (182 m², 7 m); succulent house (227 m², 7 m); Australian outback house (182 m², 7 m); and carnivorous plant house (not open to the public).
During summer time (May to October) one house is dedicated to butterflies and plants from the middle and south american region.