New Boston Township is located in Mercer County, Illinois.

As of the 2010 census, its population was 1,204 and it contained 603 housing units.

[2] According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 53.72 square miles (139.1 km2), of which 50.66 square miles (131.2 km2) (or 94.30%) is land and 3.06 square miles (7.9 km2) (or 5.70%) is water.

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