[9] Per a press release,[10] the union's founding goal for the 2022 legislative election was to deny Emmanuel Macron's Ensemble Citoyens on the centre-right a presidential majority in the National Assembly,[1][11][12] and to also defeat the French far-right.

[13] EELV and LFI signed an agreement that had the alliance won a majority of seats, they would have put forward Mélenchon as prime minister of France for a cohabitation.

[17] In October 2023, the coalition's future was put in doubt when the Socialist Party voted a "moratorium" on its participation to the NUPES alliance following LFI leadership's refusal to qualify Hamas as a terrorist organization in the context of the Israel–Hamas war.

[19] In December 2021, he announced the creation of a Parliament of the People's Union, which aimed to bring together personalities from outside La France Insoumise (LFI) in order to support its candidacy.

[63] Despite the formation of separate groups in the National Assembly, NUPES voted as a bloc to elect Éric Coquerel of LFI President of the Finance Committee, defeating candidates from RN and The Republicans.

[64][65] In the 2022 election in Charente's 1st constituency, NUPES candidate René Pilato lost to presidential majority incumbent Thomas Mesnier by 24 votes.

[66] A by-election was held in January 2023, which led to Pilato winning by slightly under 500 votes over Mesnier, a gain for NUPES at the expense of the presidential majority.

[67] In September 2022, French newspaper Le Canard enchaîné published an article revealing that Adrien Quatennens, national co-ordinator of LFI and MP had been accused of domestic violence by his wife.

[69] In a press release Quatennens admitted to having slapped his wife once, before backtracking and describing a multitude of events of "extreme mutual tension" that led to him grabbing her wrist, elbowing her or sending excessive amounts of text messages.

[74] An open letter published in Le Monde in December 2022, and signed by over one thousand militants and LFI supporters demanded the resignation of Quatennens and his withdrawal from politics.

[81] Following Bayou's resignation, he has stayed relatively quiet in the media, though he remains an MP and continues to sit with the EELV parliamentary group at the National Assembly.

[92] Nonetheless, both Faure and challenger, Rouen mayor Nicolas Mayer-Rossignol would each claim that they had won,[93] making it unclear who the true winner was for a couple of days.

[94] A soft critic of the NUPES, Mayer-Rossignol's race for national secretary was supported by a number of the party's "elephants" notably Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo, anti-NUPES figure Carole Delga[95] and former President François Hollande.

[96] On 27 January 2023, the Constitutional Council of France ruled the re-election of LFI MP Bénédicte Taurine as unconstitutional as a result of contentious ballots from the RN candidate, triggering a by-election.

[18] Socialist Party leader Olivier Faure reiterated his support for a broad union of the French left, but called Jean-Luc Mélenchon an "obstacle to unity."

[177] Lamia El Aaraje, the PS incumbent in Paris's 15th constituency, also announced that she was proceeding with her candidacy despite the appointment of NUPES candidate Danielle Simonnet.

[185] The coalition aims to obtain a majority in the National Assembly in order to impose cohabitation on President Emmanuel Macron and to have Jean-Luc Mélenchon appointed as prime minister.

[190][191][192] While the French Left hailed the negotiations as historic, it was not without criticism for the coalition's perceived Euroscepticism and an alleged break from the Third Way positions of the presidency of François Hollande.

Libération criticised the coalition for its perceived Euroscepticism, calling such positions "a historical mistake" and arguing that "the Left must proclaim loud and clear its commitment to the European Union".

[195] A number of French economists, such as Julia Cagé, Bernard Friot, and Thomas Piketty, also reacted favorably to the union and its economic programme, and published a column in support on Le Journal du Dimanche.

[203] André Laignel, the vice-president of the Association of Mayors of France, claimed that the traditional centre-left parties (PS and EELV) represent greater local support than their results in the 2022 presidential election showed.

1995 presidential candidate Lionel Jospin said he supported NUPES, but wished the nomination in the 15th arrondissement of Paris to go to the outgoing PS deputy Lamia El Aaraje.

[207] Journalist and Place Publique politician Raphaël Glucksmann announced his support for NUPES, arguing that he wanted to avoid a majority of President Emmanuel Macron's La République En Marche!

[209] According to Le Monde, disapproval and dissension to join NUPES have represented a minority in the PS, and are due to political figures from previous currents of the party, in particular those close to Hollande, commonly called the "Elephants of the Socialist Party";[201] centrist dissent was driven by regional success against LFI and primarily represented by Carole Delga, the president of Occitania, and Anne Hidalgo, the PS mayor of Paris and 2022 presidential candidate.

[210] The press often called the opponents to the agreement the "new slingers",[211] an expression taken up by Stéphane Le Foll, who stated that if the PS "continues to be what it is today, I will leave".

[212] He said that he does not believe in a victory for NUPES at the 2022 French legislative election; for him, it is "a fable, ... a decoy", claiming that by negotiating with LFI, the PS is "turning its back on its entire history".

[222] The Movement of Progressives, formerly part of the Ecologist Pole, was also opposed to the agreement, stating: "negotiating with FI constitute an intolerable betrayal by irresponsible apparatchiks".

[224] François Bayrou commented that this agreement was "an extremely sad event", citing the pact's perceived Euroscepticism, which according to him would lead to "the end of Europe", and Mélenchon's desire to leave NATO.

While hoping that LFI could serve as a foil for pro-European voters who could then mobilize for LREM, they regretted the union, considering its "undeniable power in the first round", and recalled that they had benefited from the left's disunity in certain constituencies in the 2017 French legislative election.

[226] Stanislas Guerini, general delegate of Renaissance and Ensemble Citoyens of the presidential majority, made an appeal to PS members opposed to the union, asking them to "join us".