Generally however, despite the low numbers for most of the indigenous languages, they are not considered especially vulnerable to extinction.

[4] Out of the three official languages, Bislama is the most spoken in Vanuatu, followed by English, and lastly French.

From the times when Vanuatu was a British-French condominium, there is still an unofficial separation line between regions where English or French are taught at school.

Vanuatu is home to more than a hundred indigenous languages: a recent count lists 138.

In such cases, the decision as to how many languages should be counted is notoriously difficult, and sometimes the object of controversy.

The number of 112 listed below may differ from other counts proposed in the literature, depending partly on these difficulties.