With the unifying motive of defeating the far-right National Rally, its name echoes the interwar anti-fascist alliance the Popular Front.

The platform includes scrapping the 2023 French pension reform law, increasing public sector salaries and welfare benefits, raising the minimum wage by 14 percent, and freezing the price of basic food items and energy.

[7] On 9 June, the 2024 European Parliament election in France took place, with exit polls indicating that the National Rally had received twice as many votes as Renaissance, Macron's party, in what was described as a crushing defeat for the incumbent president.

[10] Responding to his underperformance and tapping into the divided French left,[11] Macron dissolved the parliament to call for snap elections, with the first round scheduled for 30 June and a second for 7 July.

[12] After the announcement of fresh elections, some called to renew NUPES and form a new left-wing alliance, amid the 2024 French protests against the far-right,[13] after its member parties had broken up over personal and policy disagreements,[14] from nuclear energy to the wars in Gaza and Ukraine.

[15] Socialist Party leader Olivier Faure called to "create a popular front against the far right" but dismissed the notion of the left allying itself with Macron and criticized his policies.

"[9] On 22 June, Mélenchon stepped up to this responsibility, saying that it was agreed that the largest parliamentary group within the Front would present its candidate for prime minister.

[26][27] Several voices in the coalition opposed this hypothesis,[28][29] considering Mélenchon not unifying enough, in particular Fabien Roussel, Clémentine Autain, François Hollande, and Marine Tondelier.

[38] Afterwards, attempts were made to build a Republican Front, asking their candidates from three-way races to drop out in order to reduce the likelihood of a National Rally victory in the runoff election.

[3] On 14 June, the left-wing party leaders met at a conference centre near the National Assembly to explain in greater detail the 150 measures of Front's political platform, and contains some changes from the 2022 NUPES programme.

[8] The Front also supports introduction of menstrual leave,[96] and a 14 percent increase in the minimum wage, adjusting salaries and pensions with the inflation rate and freezing food and energy prices to boost the purchasing power of its citizens.

[10] Within the framework of a two-state solution, the Front's platform calls for France to recognize the State of Palestine,[96] and enforce an arms embargo against Israel,[103] while it describes the 7 October attacks as terrorist massacres.

[100] On 11 June, Kamel Chibli, a Socialist Party member and the vice president of the Occitanie region, opposed the agreement, accusing it of being a NUPES 2.

This internal conflict highlighted broader issues within the Front, as the need for unity against the far-right was undermined by such divisive actions, threatening the effectiveness and cohesion of the left-wing alliance.

[9][22] Some observers criticized this strategy, calling it confusing and controversial,[111] as France has a long history of Republican fronts and cordon sanitaire, where all democratic political forces try to collaborate to stem the rise of the far-right.

[113] Macron further criticized some of their proposals, such as allowing trans people to record their gender change on their marital status by visiting the town hall.

[112][114] Former French prime minister Manuel Valls, a former member of the Socialist Party who had joined Renaissance and was an opponent of NUPES in 2022, denounced the agreement.

[117] Macron judged the Front's programme to be four-time worse than the National Rally's, saying that there would be "no more laïcité, they will go back on the immigration law, and there are things that are completely grotesque like changing your gender at the town hall.

"[118] Volt France, a liberal Eurofederalist party, criticized the agreement, and echoed Glucksmann's call for another front uniting all republican and pro-European forces.

[84] Unser Land, which is a member of Régions et Peuples Solidaires along with the Breton Democratic Union and Euskal Herria Bai, announced an independent candidacy, saying that only their candidates support "an autonomous Alsace in a federal France" and that "Macron is a Jacobin, Le Pen and Mélenchon even more so".