New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary

The harbor opens onto the New York Bight in the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast and Long Island Sound to the northeast.

Rivers add a fresher, non-tidal inflow although the tide and brackishness extend well up rivers[4] throughout the extended hydrologic system from Albany to Montauk Point to the Hudson Canyon region of the New York Bight.

Since the Ash Wednesday Storm of 1962 beaches along the shores of the East Coast have been regularly replenished with sand pumped in from off-shore.

[8][9] In 2016, USACE and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey produced a comprehensive restoration plan for the New York Harbor region, with proposals to mitigate the effects of sea level rise through projects to restore natural areas.

[10] In September the USACE released the New York New Jersey Harbor and Tributaries Study (HATS).

A 2016 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers map showing New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary's drainage divide and drainage basin
Harrisse /LOC copy of the Manatus Map of 1639
An 1866 map of New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary
A 2011 NASA image of New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary
Population density and elevation above sea level in the New York City metropolitan area as of 2010
An aerial view of New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary
1. Upper New York Bay
2. Lower New York Bay
3. Newark Bay
4. Hudson River
5. East River
6. Raritan Bay
7. Jamaica Bay
8. Long Island Sound
9. New York Bight - North Atlantic
10. Ambrose Channel
11. Mud Dump Site [ 13 ]
12. Hudson Canyon
A. Manhattan
B. Brooklyn
C. Staten Island
D. Queens
E. The Bronx
F. Bayonne - Jersey City
G. Newark
H. Raritan Bayshore
i. Rockaway Point
j. Sandy Hook
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