Located on the western edge of the county, it borders the following townships: The village of Fultonham is located in western Newton Township, and the unincorporated communities of East Fultonham and White Cottage are both located near the center of the township.

East Fultonham lies farther southwest than White Cottage.

[4] In 1833, Newton Township contained three churches, two or three salt works, seven saw mills, six flouring mills, and one physician.

[5] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[6] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.