[1] Because of its preference for certain species of legumes, such as beans and soybeans, it is an economically important pest on such crops.

In temperate zones this species exhibits a reproductive winter diapause associated with a reversible change of body colouration from green to brown or russet.

Mortality of overwintering individuals is between 30 and 80%, and the population cannot survive in areas where the average mid-winter temperature is below 5 °C.

[7] Females are more likely to survive the winter than males, as are larger individuals and those that develop reddish-brown coloration.

[10] Seasonal changes in temperature provide important cues to N. viridula that affect growth, reproduction, and fitness.

Warmer temperatures in early spring can increase egg production and accelerate development.

Warmer temperatures in the late summer can often be stressful, potentially stunting growth and decrease survival.

In the winter, there are differences in survivorship depending on size in N. viridula, where larger females tend to have higher survival rates.

[11] Temperature, in combination with other abiotic factors, can therefore have substantial influence on stink bugs across their lifetime.