Nicolás Palacios

His 1904 (second edition 1918) book Raza chilena form the ideological backbone of many Chilean nativist groups.

Palacios witnessed the Santa María School massacre of 1907 writing a key account of it.

[1] He says that at most 10% of the Visigoths mixed with the native Iberians of Spain, while the rest remained racially pure through the Middle Ages.

These Spaniards of supposed Visigoth ancestry would have mingled with native Mapuches, producing the common Chilean roto.

Palacios goes on to say that both the blond and the bronze-coloured Chilean mestizo share a "moral physiognomy", and that both think and reason in the same way, a similarity that can be found in early Spanish literature about Chile including the epic poem La Araucana, where Mapuches are frequently compared to the "barbaric" Germanic tribes that fought the Roman Empire.