Undrafted, Treutle formerly played in his native country in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL) with the Nürnberg Ice Tigers, Hamburg Freezers and EHC München.

[2][3] After a career best 2014–15 season in the DEL with München, Treutle attracted the attention of the NHL and was signed to a one-year entry-level contract with the Arizona Coyotes on 30 July 2015.

[4] He made two NHL appearances for the Coyotes[5] and mostly played for their AHL affiliate Springfield Falcons[6] during his single year in North America.

Following the conclusion of the 2015–16 campaign, Treutle moved back to Europe and joined KooKoo of the Finnish top-flight Liiga on a try-out contract.

He saw the ice in four Liiga contests at the beginning of the 2016–17 season, before returning to his native Germany in October 2016, where he signed with DEL outfit Krefeld Pinguine.