In April 2021, at the 2021 İstanbul Cup, Bartůňková attempted her WTA Tour debut.

[citation needed] She made her WTA Tour debut at the same tournament one year later, after having been handed a wildcard for the main draw, losing to Anastasia Potapova.

[6][7] In November 2024, Bartůňková was issued with a six month competition ban backdated to April 2024 for an anti-doping rule violation after testing positive for unintentional use of trimetazidine (TMZ) at two events in early 2024.

[9][10] The International Tennis Integrity Agency (ITIA) accepted that the source of the TMZ was a contaminated supplement for which she bore "no significant fault or negligence" for having ingested.

[11] Only main-draw results in WTA Tour, Grand Slam tournaments, Billie Jean King Cup and Olympic Games are included in win–loss records.