Nina Vsevolod Fedoroff (born April 9, 1942) is an American molecular biologist known for her research in life sciences and biotechnology, especially transposable elements or jumping genes.

[5] She graduated summa cum laude in 1966 from Syracuse University with a dual major in biology and chemistry.

[10] In 1978, she also joined the faculty of Johns Hopkins University Biology Department, where she worked on the molecular characterization of maize transposable elements or jumping genes, for which Barbara McClintock was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1983.

[9][12] In 2013 Federoff was a distinguished visiting professor at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST),[13] and a member of the external faculty of the Santa Fe Institute.

[11] In 1997, Fedoroff received the John P. McGovern Science and Society Medal from Sigma Xi.