In 1955, after graduating from Leningrad State University with a degree in mycology, Golubkova joined the Komarov Botanical Institute, where she worked under the supervision of Vsevolod Savich.
[1] In the 1960s, she studied specimens which had been retrieved during various Soviet expeditions to the Antarctic; her research on these samples led to multiple scientific publications and the identification of several new species.
[2] She also participated in specimen-collecting expeditions to the Pamir Mountains in Tajikistan,[1] and to the steppes, taiga, and desert of Mongolia,[3] and in 1978, she was a contributor to volume 5 of the Handbook of Lichens of the USSR.
[1] In 1982, Golubkova was promoted to director of the Institute's Lichenology and Bryology Laboratory,[1] a position she retained for over 20 years.
[3] In the aftermath of the dissolution of the Soviet Union, she arranged for the publication of volumes 6 through 10 of the now-renamed Handbook of Lichens of Russia, of which she served as editor-in-chief.