[2] It is characterized by salt marshes, kettle ponds, freshwater wetlands, maritime shrub lands, and forests, and it is seasonally inhabited by over 250 species of birds.

The area was originally used for farming, prior to being utilized in World War II as a Naval Auxiliary landing field.

Subsequent transfers and purchases increased the protected area to approximately 900 acres (360 ha).

Wildlife refuge staff also maintain a piping plover nesting program.

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.