[2] Per Japanese census data,[3] the population of Noda peaked in around 1960 and has declined steadily over the past 60 years.

During the early Meiji period, the village of Noda was created within Kita-Kunohe District on April 1, 1889, with the establishment of the modern municipalities system.

The village again suffered from the effects the tsunami of the 1933 Sanriku earthquake, which killed seven people and destroyed 58 houses.

Noda has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral village council of eight members.

In terms of national politics, the village is part of Iwate 2nd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.