In 2014, at nine years old, he beat two grandmasters, Andrey Zhigalko and Rustam Khusnutdinov, in the 8th Georgy Agzamov Memorial tournament, held in his home city of Tashkent.

[6][7] On 27 June 2020, Abdusattorov placed 2nd–6th in the 1st Mukhtar Ismagambetov Memorial along with Shakhriyar Mamedyarov, Dmitriy Bocharov, Kazybek Nogerbek, and Davit Maghalashvili, with a score of 8½/11.

[8] In the FIDE rating list of May 2015, he set a new record for the youngest player to enter the top 100 juniors, at eleven years old.

In August, he played board 1 for Uzbekistan at the 44th Chess Olympiad in Chennai, where his team won gold on tiebreaks after winning 8 matches and drawing 3 for a score of 19 (tied with Armenia).

[22] In January 2023, Abdusattorov participated in the Tata Steel tournament, in which he tied for second with Magnus Carlsen with a score of 8/13 (+4-1=8).

[25] In May 2023, Abdusattorov took part in Norway Chess 2023, in which he won the blitz event with a score of 6/10, a half point above Alireza Firouzja and Shakhriyar Mamedyarov.

[27] In October, he took part in the Qatar Masters Open 2023 where he achieved a score of 7/9 (+5-0=4), tying for first with countryman Nodirbek Yakubboev.

[28] In January, he took part in the Tata Steel tournament where he tied 1st with 8½/13 alongside Anish Giri, Gukesh D and Wei Yi, before being eliminated in the tiebreak semifinals by the latter.

[31] In June, Abdusattorov participated in the UzChess Cup Masters, finishing second behind Nodirbek Yakubboev on tiebreaks.