The Non-Permanent Active Militia (NPAM) was the military reserve force of Canada from 1855 to 1940.

The NPAM was established in 1855 by the Militia Act passed by the Province of Canada.

In the decade prior to the start of World War I, the nominal strength of NPAM increased from 36,000 to 55,000 soldiers.

On the eve of World War II, NPAM had 5,272 officers, and 41,249 soldiers of all other ranks.

However, the historic title "Militia" continued to be applied to the reserve component of Canada's land forces.