North American B-25 Mitchell

These included several limited models such as the F-10 reconnaissance aircraft, the AT-24 crew trainers, and the United States Marine Corps' PBJ-1 patrol bomber.

In March 1939, the US Army Air Corps issued a specification for a medium bomber that was capable of carrying a payload of 2,400 lb (1,100 kg) over 1,200 miles (1,900 km) at 300 mph (480 km/h).

NAA manufactured the greatest number of aircraft in World War II, the first time a company had produced trainers, bombers, and fighters simultaneously (the AT-6/SNJ Texan/Harvard, B-25 Mitchell, and the P-51 Mustang).

The only significant complaint about the B-25 was its extremely noisy engines; as a result, many pilots eventually suffered from some degree of hearing loss.

The airframe of "Patches" was so distorted from battle damage that straight-and-level flight required 8° of left aileron trim and 6° of right rudder, causing the aircraft to "crab" sideways across the sky.

Using similar mast height level tactics and skip bombing, the B-25 proved itself to be a capable anti-shipping weapon and sank many enemy sea vessels.

Later in the war, as the USAAF acquired bases in other parts of the Pacific, the Mitchell could strike targets in Indochina, Formosa, and Kyushu, increasing the usefulness of the B-25.

The five bombardment groups – 20 squadrons – of the Ninth and Twelfth Air Forces that used the B-25 in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations were the only U.S. units to employ the B-25 in Europe.

[15] The RAF received nearly 900 Mitchells, using them to replace Douglas Bostons, Lockheed Venturas, and Vickers Wellington bombers[citation needed].

The mission gave a much-needed lift in morale to the Americans and alarmed the Japanese, who had believed their home islands to be inviolable by enemy forces.

Although the amount of actual damage done was relatively minor, it forced the Japanese to divert troops for home defense for the remainder of the war.

Some of the earliest B-25 bomb groups also flew the Mitchell on coastal patrols after the Pearl Harbor attack, prior to the AAFAC organization.

XVIII and the autoloading German 75 mm long-barrel Bordkanone BK 7,5 heavy-caliber ordnance fitted to both the Henschel Hs 129B-3 and Junkers Ju 88P-1.

Company promotional material bragged that the B-25H could "bring to bear 10 machine guns coming and four going, in addition to the 75 mm cannon, eight rockets, and 3,000 lb (1,360 kg) of bombs.

The co-pilot's station and controls were removed and replaced by a smaller seat used by the navigator/cannoneer, The radio operator crew position was aft of the bomb bay with access to the waist guns.

NAA also produced a strafer nose-first shipped to air depots as kits, then introduced on the production line in alternating blocks with the bombardier nose.

Others were assigned to units of the Air National Guard in training roles in support of Northrop F-89 Scorpion and Lockheed F-94 Starfire operations.

The Boeing XPBB Sea Ranger flying boat, competing for B-29 engines, was cancelled in exchange for part of the Kansas City Mitchell production.

Following the AAFAC format, the Marine Mitchells had search radar in a retractable radome replacing the remotely operated ventral turret.

Some VMB-612 intruder PBJ-1D and J series planes flew without top turrets to save weight and increase range on night patrols, especially towards the end of the war when air superiority had been achieved.

As part of its move from Bomber Command, No 305 (Polish) Squadron flew Mitchell IIs from September to December 1943 before converting to the de Havilland Mosquito.

On 30 June 1941, the Netherlands Purchasing Commission, acting on behalf of the Dutch government-in-exile in London, signed a contract with North American Aviation for 162 B-25C aircraft.

In February 1942, the British Overseas Airways Corporation agreed to ferry 20 Dutch B-25s from Florida to Australia travelling via Africa and India, and an additional 10 via the South Pacific route from California.

They acquired the Mitchell II in September 1943, performing operations over Europe against gun emplacements, railway yards, bridges, troops, and other tactical targets.

Other damaged B-25s arrived or crashed in the Far East of Russia, and one Doolittle Raid aircraft landed there short of fuel after attacking Japan.

This lone airworthy Doolittle Raid aircraft to reach the Soviet Union was lost in a hangar fire in the early 1950s while undergoing routine maintenance.

Following the liberation of France, this squadron transferred to the newly formed French Air Force (Armée de l'Air) as GB I/20 Lorraine.

[51] A bit after 16:00 on 27 August 1967, a converted civilian B-25 mistakenly dropped eighteen skydivers over Lake Erie, four or five nautical miles (7.5–9.3 km) from Huron, Ohio.

The air traffic controller had confused the B-25 with a Cessna 180 Skywagon that was trailing it to take photographs, causing the B-25 pilot to think he was over the intended drop site at Ortner Airport.

[55] On Nov. 1, 1941, just one month before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, a B-25 bomber on a training mission flying out of Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, crashed near Benton Ridge, Ohio.

Interior of huge aircraft factory where rows of bombers are being assembled
North American B-25 Mitchell production in Kansas City in 1942
Black and white photo of an early bomber parked perpendicular to the camera, facing left, rearward of the wing is a star in front of horizontal stripes.
Late war development B-25J2 Mitchell strafer bomber
B-25 Engine Assembly
The B-25 engine cowling assembly
Crew and their B-25
Doolittle Raid B-25Bs aboard USS Hornet
A B-25 Mitchell taking off from USS Hornet for the Doolittle Raid
North American B-25C Mitchell of the 90th BS , 3rd BG(L) USAAF , Dobodura Airfield 1943
A view of a B-25G shows the midship location of dorsal turret.
A restored B-25H "Barbie III" showing 75 mm M5 gun and four 0.50 Brownings with belt feeds
The restored B-25J Mitchell Take-Off Time at the Mid-Atlantic Air Museum for World War II Weekend 2015 in Reading, Pennsylvania
PBJ-1D
B-25 Mitchells assigned to No. 18 (Netherlands East Indies) Squadron RAAF in 1943
B-25J Mitchell 44-30069 at Museu Aerospacial in Campos dos Afonsos Air Force Base , Rio de Janeiro
A 3-view line drawing of a B-25 or B-25A
A B-25C Mitchell
A USAAF B-25C/D, equipped with an early radar set, with transverse-dipole Yagi antenna fitted to the nose
B-25J
North American F-10 reconnaissance aircraft
A B-25H Barbie III taxiing at Centennial Airport , Colorado
B-25 "Mitchell Madness" Flyover at Willow Run, Michigan in 2007
A PBJ-1H of VMB-613.
Two PBJ-1Ds on Mindanao,1945.
B-25 Mitchell bombers from No. 18 (NEI) Squadron RAAF on a training flight near Canberra in 1942.
Bolivian North American B-25J Mitchell.
A formation of B-25Js of 16 Squadron ML-KNIL , formed in 1946, during the Indonesian War of Independence . These aircraft were used in the ground attack role, leading to the dorsal turret being removed.
Mitchell III, in RAF configuration with invasion stripes , of the Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum during the Brantford Air Show at Brantford, Ontario , Canada in 2010
B-25J Mitchell