It is awarded in the four fields of science, literature, the fine arts, and public service.
Sometimes referred to as the "Nobel Prize of North Carolina",[citation needed] the award has been given to up to nine individuals each year since 1964.
The award was designed by sculptor Paul Manship and was one of the last commissions he completed before his death.
The award was proposed by state Senator Robert Lee Humber of Pitt County, who wanted to recognize people who had contributed to the betterment of North Carolina and inspire others.
Biographical essays are available for each North Carolina Award recipient in the ceremony program for that year.