Nurse education
[1][2] During past decades, the changes in education have replaced the more practically focused, but often ritualistic, training structure of conventional preparation.
Orthodox training can be argued to have offered a more intense practical skills base, but emphasized the handmaiden relationship with the physician.
This is now outmoded, and the impact of nurse education is to develop a confident, inquiring graduate who contributes to the care team as an equal.
Nurse education in the United States is conducted within university schools, although it is unclear who offered the first degree level program.
"[4] In the UK, the first department of Nursing Studies at the University of Edinburgh was established in 1956, with a five-year integrated degree programme introduced in 1960.
[7] Her intention was to train nurses to a qualified and specialized level, with the key aim of learning to develop observation skills and sensitivity to patient needs, then allow them to work in hospital posts across the United Kingdom and abroad.
[citation needed] Rebecca Strong OBE (1843–1944) started a Preliminary Training School for Nurses at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary in 1893.
[13] Luckes's other matrons also spread her style of "Nightingale nursing" to voluntary hospitals and infirmaries both in the provinces and London.
[15] A new building for the Manchester Medical School was opened in the early 1970s and degree courses in nursing were established about the same time.
[21] Entry level courses, sought by most universities, are often five Standard Grades/GCSEs, including English, maths and a science (preferably biology), and two Highers/A-Levels.
Currently, nursing is a three-year course in the UK, with students choosing the branch that they want to study, e.g., adult, child, mental health, or learning disability; or combinations of two (called dual-field).
Education was primarily based on an apprenticeship with a senior nurse who taught bedside care within a hospital or clinic setting.
Community colleges began offering an Associate of Science in Nursing degree, and some diploma programs switched to this model.
[citation needed] If successful following interview, the student will study a "core" first year, learning basic nursing competencies essential to all four of the above fields.
Additionally, a strong emphasis is placed on procedural education such as insertion of intravenous and urinary catheters, sterile dressing changes, proper administration of medications, physical examinations, caring bedside manner, and other vital skills.
After the first semester basic skills are obtained, students rotate through obstetrics, mental health, medical, surgical, oncology, critical care and pediatric units to get a holistic view of nursing and what it encompasses.
Lastly, the Master level is for experienced RNs to reach a higher education and may expand their scope of practice.
Nursing students today have a wide variety of program options that range from state colleges or universities to private, for-profit entities.
[36] The U.S. Department of Education identifies that the act of accreditation may support programs of study that continually assess their quality of education, strive to offer improvements when needed, utilize faculty and staff when planning and implementing program evaluation, and standardizing criteria specific to professional certificates and licensure.
[37] In 2010, it was projected that by 2018, there would be a 22% job growth in the nursing field; at the time it was the United States' fastest growing occupation.
At the end of schooling, nursing students in the US and Canada must take and pass the NCLEX (National Council of Licensure Examination) to practice.
[43] During their education, nurses will master the practice of engaging, communicating, and treating unique patient populations, while working with diverse coworkers.
[45] Most recently The Essentials underwent an overhaul that resulted in the competencies and sub-competencies of each domain, be taught with a focus on competency-based education and assessment.
[46] Academic integrity within nursing education programs should be prioritized as research states that dishonest behaviors in the classroom setting may increase the likelihood of clinical dishonesty.
[47] Nursing programs could begin to address academic misconduct in the classroom by leaning into Bandura's Social Learning Theory (SLT).
