Oliver Hazard Perry "O. P." Caylor[1] (December 14, 1849 – October 19, 1897) was an American newspaper columnist, manager in professional baseball, and catalyst in the formation of the franchise that is now the Cincinnati Reds.

Caylor was born in Dayton, Ohio, in 1849; he was named after Oliver Hazard Perry, an American naval commander.

[1] He also joined the front office of an early Cincinnati Reds franchise of the National League, and worked as an official scorer.

[1] After that Cincinnati franchise was expelled from the National League, Caylor became one of the principal figures in the founding of the American Association during the 1881–82 offseason.

[2] Caylor resigned after that 1886 season, due in large part to his combative nature that put him at odds with the press and new club ownership.