It comprises Olango island and 6 satellite islets namely: Caubian, Camungi, Caohagan, Gilutongan, Nalusuan, Pangan-an, and Sulpa.

[1] A total of 4,482 hectares (11,080 acres) of extensive sandy beach, rocky shoreline, inshore flats, seagrass beds, coral reefs, mangrove forest, mudflats, and salt marsh grass surround Olango and its satellite islets.

Like most of Cebu province,[6] the lithology of the island consists of two unit types:As a consequence of the geology, water supplies are hard.

The climate is typically equatorial – temperature range over the year is less than three degrees Celsius change (5.4 °F), and annual rainfall exceeds 1,500 millimetres (59 in).

Other sources of income include rainfed farming, personnel services, livestock raising, small enterprise (sari-sari store) and, recently, various types of employment from tourism activities.

[9] Olango Island is a diverse coastal ecosystem consisting of extensive coralline sandflats, mangroves, seagrass beds, and offshore coral reefs.

The island's mangroves are most extensive in the Cebu province, and its offshore corals are home to scores of various marine species.

The island is virtually flat, and it is surrounded by warm seas and partly sheltered from monsoons and strong trade winds.

Its main attraction is its 920-hectare Olango Island Wildlife Sanctuary,[12] a haven for migratory birds from Siberia, Northern China, and Japan.

Among the frequent guests are Chinese egrets, Asiatic dowitchers, eastern curlews, plovers, sandpipers,[15] black-tailed godwit and red knot.

Then President Corazon Aquino declared the 1,020 hectares tidal flats in Olango a protected area under Proclamation No.

The dive starts with a sandy bottom covered in soft corals, leading to a drop-off at 15m, descending to 50m.

There is a good variety of reef fish in the shallows here, while further down are fusiliers, catfish, jacks, snappers and sweetlips, among others.