The town has long been an important bridgehead, with Ermine Street (connecting London to Lincoln and York), as well as various east–west trade routes, crossing the Great Ouse here.
Ermine Street would have first crossed the river here via a ford, believed to be some way to the west of the present bridge.
In 1259 a court ruling finally ordered that the county should pay to keep it repaired in return for rendering the bridge toll-free.
Nonetheless, the bridge remained poorly maintained, and by 1329 was declared to be in severe danger of collapse.
[2] Consisting of six arches and faced with ashlar, the parapets which form recesses for pedestrians, are triangular on the north side, and semi-hexagonal on the south.