Working at the University of Birmingham, she studied blood flow and restriction, as well as capillary growth in cardiac and skeletal muscles.

Olga Hudlická was born on 11 July 1926 Přelouč, Czechoslovakia to Marie (née Babáčková) and Jaroslav Hudlický.

[1] Hudlická continued her education at the Institute of Physiology of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences [cs] (Czech: Fyziologický ústav (FGÚ)), inspired to study muscle blood flow by the work of Ernest Gutmann.

Despite the Cold War, the liberalization during the Prague Spring allowed her obtain permission for the additional studies and to attend the International Congress of Physiological Sciences, held that year in Washington, D. C.[3]: 475 By the time that Hudlická returned to Czechoslovakia, just before Christmas, the period of liberalization was over and the Soviet Union had brought in tanks to suppress the Czechoslovak government.

Soon after their return to the country, on the pretense of a holiday visit with friends, they flew their son to London and sent their daughter to Colmar in northern France.

With the children securely out of the country, Hudlická and Klein packed a small suitcase and drove to visit friends in Hungary.

[1] Hudlická obtained work at the Max Planck Institute,[3]: 476  but by the end of the year, she and her children moved to England as she had accepted an invitation to join the department of physiology of Birmingham University.