Oliver Dwight Filley (May 23, 1806 – August 21, 1881) was an American businessman, abolitionist, and politician who served as the 16th mayor of St. Louis, Missouri, from 1858 to 1861.

[2] During the time late 1840s when the Wilmot Proviso proposed to ban slavery in territory acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War,.

[8] As mayor, he headed the movement for arousing and consolidating union sentiment as the chairman for the Committee of Public Safety.

[12] Together, they were the parents of six children, including:[3] Filley died on August 21, 1881, of acute kidney disease while vacationing in Hampton, New Hampshire.

[22][23] Another grandson was Dwight Filley Davis (1879–1945), who served as the 49th United States Secretary of War from October 14, 1925, until March 4, 1929, in the administration of Calvin Coolidge and later as the Governor-General of the Philippines from 1929 until 1932.