Oliver Township is one of the fifteen townships of Adams County, Ohio, United States.

[3] Located in the central part of the county, it borders the following townships: No municipalities are located in Oliver Township.

It was named for John Oliver, a county commissioner.

[5] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[6] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.