[3] Persons belonging to communities that already have reservations such as Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and the "non creamy layer" of Other Backward Classes are also not eligible for reservation under this quota(creamy layer of OBC crosses 8 lakh limit).
[6] Prime Minister Narendra Modi called the passage of the bill a "landmark moment in our nation's history".
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) MP Kanimozhi moved a motion, supported by Left parties, to refer the Bill to a parliamentary select committee.
The NGO argues that the Bill violates the basic structure of the Constitution which they claim does not permit reservation based on economic factors.
They also argue that a previous Supreme Court judgement had fixed the maximum reservation allowed under all quotas at 50%.
[citation needed] The DMK filed a motion in the Madras High Court challenging the Amendment on 18 January 2019.
[14][3] Attorney-General K. K. Venugopal defended the government's position before a three judge bench of the Supreme Court on 31 July 2019 arguing that the 103rd Amendment was "necessitated to benefit the economically weaker sections of the society who were not covered within the existing schemes of reservation, which as per statistics, constituted a considerably large segment of the Indian population."
55 OF 2019, upheld the validity of the 103rd constitutional amendment carried out to provide legal sanction carve out 10% reservation for the economically weaker sections from unreserved classes for admission in educational institutions and government jobs[18] and held that the 50% cap on quota is not inviolable and affirmative action on economic basis may go a long way in eradicating caste-based reservation.