OpenBTS (Open Base Transceiver Station) is a software-based GSM access point, allowing standard GSM-compatible mobile phones to be used as SIP endpoints in Voice over IP (VoIP) networks.

On September 14, 2010, at the Fall 2010 DEMO conference, the original authors launched Range Networks as a start up company to commercialize OpenBTS-based products.

In February 2014, Legba and Null announced the release of YateBTS, a fork of the OpenBTS project that uses Yate for its control layers and network interfaces.

[9][10] Previously, investigating and conducting such attacks was considered impractical due to the high cost of traditional cellular base station equipment.

Large scale live tests of OpenBTS have been conducted in the United States in Nevada and northern California using temporary radio licenses applied for through Kestrel Signal Processing and Range Networks, Inc. During the Burning Man festival in August 2008, a week-long live field test was run under special temporary authorization license.

At the 2011 festival, the OpenBTS project set up a 3-site network with VSAT gateway and worked in conjunction with the Voice over IP services company Voxeo to provide much of the off-site call routing.

The cost structure of OpenBTS suited Niue, which required a mobile phone service but did not have the volume of potential customers to justify buying and supporting a conventional GSM basestation system.