[14] On 7 October 2014, the House of Commons approved of sending nine aircraft to join coalition airstrikes against ISIL in Iraq along with 69 special forces advisors to train the Iraqi government's military.

[20] As part of the Canadian reorganization of the operation in February 2016, it was announced the number of military trainers would triple to a total of 600 ground personnel.

[22] On 20 July 2016, Defence Minister Harjit Sajjan announced that Canada was deploying a field hospital in support of United States and French troops in their effort to retake Mosul.

[23] On 7 January 2020, the Canadian Armed Forces announced that Operation Impact would be suspended following the assassination of the Iranian general Qasem Soleimani in Iraq earlier in the month, with some non-essential personnel being moved to Kuwait.

In March 2021, the Canadian government extended the military mission against the remnants of ISIS by another year, and pledged to commit $43.6 million to stabilization programs in Iraq and Syria.

[33] On 27 November 2014, it was confirmed that Canadian jets had not performed any air strikes for several days, but continued to provide escort for coalition cargo flights.

[34] On 28 November, Canadian CF-18s supported Iraqi security force operations around Hīt in Anbar Province, performing strikes against ISIL positions.

On 30 November Canadian fighter jets struck ISIL forces southeast of Mosul in an area controlled by the group.

[36] Canadian CF-18s continued to partake in coalition attacks, striking ISIL positions consisting of two bunkers and two machine gun emplacement northeast of Mosul on 5 December.

[42][43] An airstrike on an ISIL position along a highway northwest of Mosul was performed on 21 January in support of efforts to retake the road.

[44] CF-18s continued to attack ISIL positions on 23 January, striking in conjunction with coalition ground forces northeast of Mosul.

[60] As of October 2015, Canada had made 172 airstrikes against ISIL targets in Syria and Iraq, making up 2.3 percent of all Allied attacks since the onset of the war.

"[16] However, in the initial motion that was approved by the House of Commons, it was stated that Canada would not deploy ground troops in combat operations.

[49] On 6 March, a Canadian soldier, Sergeant Andrew Joseph Doiron was killed in a friendly fire incident by Kurdish forces while returning to an observation post.

[16] As part of the Canadian reorganization of the operation, in February 2016, it was announced that the fighter aircraft would be withdrawn while tripling the number of military trainers provided by Canada for a total of 600 ground personnel.

[21] In mid-May 2016, three Bell CH-146 Griffon helicopters from 427 Special Operations Aviation Squadron were deployed to support Canadian ground forces in Iraq.

On 29 May 2016 Canadian special forces came under mortar fire from ISIL during a battle for villages 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Mosul.

[87] On 20 July, Defence Minister Harjit Sajjan announced that Canada was deploying a field hospital in support of United States and French troops in their effort to retake Mosul.

"[88] As of 15 November 2016[update], the Canadian government had spent CA$3.5 million on the creation of a semi-permanent military camp at Irbil.

[15] In the initial announcement of the decision, the special forces troops were not to be used for combat operations, instead be deployed in a primarily training mission.

However, after the announcement that the troops had seen combat, the opposition defence critic, Jack Harris, said that "if we're engaged in firefights because we're subject to machine-gun fire, that's not what Canadians were told.

[93][94] However this analysis was affected by the Department of National Defence refusing all PBO requests for information, and was based on analogy and known costing factors,[93] extrapolating from past missions and operations.

[94] The possibility of extending the mission was put forth in the House of Commons on 12 March 2015; however, the government said that there would be no increase in the deployment of ground forces.

[52] On 30 March, the House of Commons voted to extend the mission into Syria, to attack ISIL targets operating from and in that country.

[18] On 1 April, Kenney announced the cost of the extended mission, claiming an additional $406 million for the extra year and expanded operational zone.

[95] Following his election on 19 October 2015, Prime Minister-Designate Justin Trudeau used a congratulatory phone call from the US President Barack Obama to inform him that Canada would eliminate its air combat role in Iraq and Syria, while maintaining the presence of its ground forces.

[89] ISIL spokesperson Abu Muhammad Al-Adnani incited and advocated for a campaign of terror against both Canadian civilians and military personnel.

[99] On 22 October 2014, Michael Zehaf-Bibeau[100] fatally shot reservist Corporal Nathan Cirillo as he stood as an Honour Guard at the National War Memorial.

Although police detected no provable conspiracy between Zehauf-Bibeau and ISIL (and therefore in that narrow legal sense, Zehauf-Bibeau could only be deemed to have acted alone) Prime Minister Stephen Harper explained in a televised address after the attack that it remained the position of the Governor-in-Council that the attacks were motivated to assist ISIL in response to Operation Impact.

Fellow cell members John Maguire and Khadar Khalib were charged in absentia as they are fighting for ISIL overseas.