Opheodrys aestivus, commonly known as the rough green snake, is a nonvenomous North American colubrid.

The rough green snake is docile, often allowing close approach by humans, and seldom bites.

The specific name, aestivus, is Latin for "summer" in reference to the species' green dorsal color.

[5] The generic name, Opheodrys, is derived from Greek ophios, meaning "serpent", and drys, "tree".

The rough green snake ranges throughout the Southeastern United States, from Florida, north to coastal Maine, Indiana, and west to Central Texas.

[7] The diet of O. aestivus consists mostly of insects and other terrestrial arthropods, but some snails and tree frogs are eaten as well.

[8] As foraging activity increases, the tongue evolves greater elongation and deeper forking, and the abundance of chemoreceptors increases in the vomeronasal organs, the chemosenory responsiveness is adjusted to match diet and orthopterans constitute 16.9% and all arthropods about 98% of dietary volume of the rough green snake.

[11] The rough green snake also does not exhibit any predator-resistance capabilities besides fleeing however they rely heavily on their camouflage.

The male rough green snake reaches sexual maturity at an age of 2 around 245 mm long.

[13] For the male, plasma androgen levels and the diameter of the sexual segment of the kidney have a bimodal cycle with one peak in the spring and the second in late summer.