Water and gas pipelines are also present; however, the area frequently experiences shortages of both due to supply scarcity.

[6] 1970 Era Its population rapidly increased in late 1971 during & after Bangladeshi Liberation War following the arrival of thousands of refugees Biharis fleeing from the newly independent state of Bangladesh (formerly East Pakistan.,[4] and the government began to regard it as a quasi-permanent settlement.

[4] However, due to its status as an unofficial and unplanned settlement,[7] Orangi did not qualify for government aid or community assistance, and the area's sanitation was extremely poor.

In 1985, Karachi's ethnic divisions reached Orangi, as Muhajir and Pashtun groups fought over the area near Benaras Chowk and Metro Cinema.

[11] In December 1986, Pashtun gunmen attacked the Aligarh Colony, which was home to a vulnerable population of Biharis who had recently been repatriated from Bangladesh.

1990 Era The municipality was described in a 1999 National Geographic article on Mumbai's Dharavi slum as the "largest shanty town in Asia.

[4] 2000 Era In 2001, Orangi was formally organized and established as a proper part of the city of Karachi and granted its own town council.

Orangi stretches out from the Khasba Hills, North Nazimabad and Paposh Nagar towards the northern parts of Karachi and covers approximately 57 square kilometres (22 sq mi) of land.

The defunct City District Government constructed a road through the Khasba Hills connecting Orangi with North Nazimabad.

[18] Along with the Orangi Charitable Trust (OCT),[18] OPP operates a program of supervised credit for small family enterprise units.

The OPP sewer pipes are financed, constructed, and maintained by the families who live on each street,[4] though one-eighth of the cost of services is provided by the municipal government.