It was established in 1874 by sultan Said Ali bin Said Omar of the Grande Comore island of Anjouan, reorganised on 18 June 1892 and authorised and recognised by the French government on 12 September 1896.

In this case a local order was adopted by the French, although they reorganised and redesigned it.

Another Anjouan order, the Star of Said Ali was not adopted.

The Ordre de l'Étoile d'Anjouan has five classes: Grand-Croix, Grand-Officier, Commandeur, Officier and Chevalier.

It was not awarded from the institution of the National Order of Merit on 3 December 1963.