Orto Botanico di Firenze

It was first laid out by landscape gardener Niccolò Pericoli to a botanical system and plantings chosen by Luca Ghini, and rose to prominence under Cosimo III, with Pier Antonio Micheli as its director.

As was typical of early European botanical gardens, its prime interest was in medicinal plants.

However, as in 1753 the Società Botanica was formed, the garden's focus turned to "experimental agriculture" and its layout was revised accordingly.

The garden grounds opened to the public in the mid-19th century, at about the same time that its glass houses (1694 m2) were constructed.

Today the garden contains some 9,000 plant specimens laid out in a roughly square site surrounded by walls, crossed by a grid of walkways, and with a central fountain.