Oscar Castro-Neves (May 15, 1940 – September 27, 2013[1]), was a Brazilian guitarist, arranger, and composer who is considered a founding figure in bossa nova.

He went on to work with musicians from different genres, including Billy Eckstine, Yo Yo Ma, Michael Jackson, Barbra Streisand, Stevie Wonder, João Gilberto, Eliane Elias, Lee Ritenour, Airto Moreira, Toots Thielemans, John Klemmer, Carol Welsman, Stephen Bishop, and Diane Schuur.

With Mendes, Castro-Neves, was a key guitarist in the A&M release "Fool on the Hill" and continued with the classic "Stillness" which was to see the last Brasil '66 grouping.

He lived in Los Angeles, California where he worked as an orchestrator for several films including Blame it on Rio and Sister Act 2: Back in the Habit.

[1] With Eliane Elias With Antônio Carlos Jobim With John Klemmer With Sergio Mendes With Airto Moreira With Flora Purim With Lee Ritenour With Diane Schuur With Paul Winter With others