Osman II was born at Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, the son of Sultan Ahmed I (1603–17) and one of his consorts Mahfiruz Hatun.

[4] Osman II ascended the throne at the age of 14 as the result of a coup d'état against his uncle Mustafa I "the Mad" (1617–1618, 1622–1623).

Despite his youth, Osman II soon sought to assert himself as a ruler, and after securing the empire's eastern border by signing a peace treaty (Treaty of Serav) with Safavid Persia, he personally led the Ottoman campaign against Poland and King Sigismund III during the Moldavian Magnate Wars,[5] also having his younger brother Mehmed strangled just before he left Istanbul on campaign.

[5] The basic and exceptional weakness from which Osman II suffered was the conspicuous absence of a female power basis in the harem.

[7][8]In the autumn of 1620, Özi Beylerbeyi İskender Pasha seized the secret letter sent by Transylvanian Prince Bethlen Gabor to Istanbul and sent it to Poland, and Osman also became a veteran of the people around him.

[9] Continuing preparations for the Polish campaign, neither cold nor famine nor the English ambassador John Eyre could deter Osman.

He was aiming to dissolve the Janissary corps and replace it with a new, more loyal army equipped with muskets and recruited from peasants and nomads of Anatolia and Syria, as well as Arab, Kurdish and Druze mercenaries.

The people of Istanbul were drastically affected by the cold, which increased local violence on 24 January, more so than the palace murder.

Hasanbegzade, Karaçelebizade, Solakzade, Peçevi, Müneccimbaşı and Naima dates, in the Fezleke of Katip Çelebi, detailed and some of them were narrated in a story style.